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The Minneapolis and St. Paul area, which is also known as The Twin Cities, has been a fertile ground for a hardcore punk scene since the mid-70s. The Twin Cities area featured a lively music scene in the 60s and 70s that included an established tradition of local indie labels and live music venues. The Litter were one of the protopunk bands to emerge from the scene in 1966. Their heavily distorted guitar amplifiers played a high volumes became the ''signature sound'' for many punk bands that emerged much later. A punk rock scene started to coalesce in the mid-late 1970s around Jay's Longhorn Bar, and Oar Folkjokeopus record store. The first recognized punk rock band from Minnesota was The Suicide Commandos, who formed in 1975. Their first 7" EP was released in 1976. They released another 7" EP in 1977 before recording their LP later that year on ''Blank Records'', a sub-label of Mercury Records. ==Early History== Along with Boston, New York, Washington D.C., Los Angeles and Chicago, Minneapolis was a preeminent punk rock scene in the early/mid-1980s. Early venues included the Longhorn Bar, which hosted seminal Minneapolis punk band the Suicide Commandos and touring acts including The Police on their first US tour. Goofy's/The Upper Deck, which was located above a strip club just off of Hennepin Avenue, was a major spot for early hardcore and presented popular all-ages shows, as well as Duffys, which hosted early shows by Black Flag, Circle Jerks, Willful Neglect, Nina Hagen, and others. Goofy's/Upper Deck was closed after a riot in 83' at a show which Final Conflict headlined. First Avenue and 7th Street Entry also hosted all-ages shows for the young scene which quickly established itself on the map with local bands including Hüsker Dü, The Replacements, Final Conflict, Loud Fast Rules (later Soul Asylum), Otto's Chemical Lounge, Outcry, Skullfuck, Idol Threat, Rifle Sport, Man Sized Action and Red Meat, among others. The legendary punk zine ''Your Flesh'' by Ron Clark and Peter Davis was based in Minneapolis, as was ''Urban Decay''. Zinester Saint Vitus holds heavy sway from the era and area. Independent record stores supporting the local punk scene include the original Northern Lights records on Hennepin Ave, Treehouse Records (formerly Oarfolkjokeopus) in south Minneapolis, and Cheapo Records in St Paul. The early to mid-80s Minneapolis hardcore movement included both U.K sound-inspired leather punks and a large skate punk contingent, with Uptown Minneapolis as the heart of the scene. Both scenes hosted many garage shows for local and touring bands. The skate punks congregated at The Alternative Bike Shop (The Alt) in Uptown. The UK influenced punks earned the nickname McPunks for hanging around the Uptown McDonald's bus stop. The Minneapolis bus system, immortalized by The Replacements song "Kiss Me On The Bus", was the artery connecting punks from Minneapolis Southwest High School and St. Paul with a ride to 7th Street Entry, Northern Lights Music, and the recently closed Sun's T-shirt & Poster Shop. Some of the bands from the early to late 1980s era were Final Conflict, not the California band of the same name, Skullfuck, Willful Neglect, and Outcry. Final Conflict released one 7" EP "In the Family" on local Reflex Records. Reflex was run by Terry Katzman, then manager of Oar Folkjokeopus and also released records by Hüsker Dü, Articles of Faith and two compilation tapes "Kitten" and "Barefoot and Pregnant". Skullfuck recorded a demo, but no known copies exist. Willful Neglect from St. Paul released two 12" EPs on Neglected Records, these were re-issued on CD in recent years; Wade Calhoon & James Wallin (of Willful Neglect) are recording a new album under the title "Made In The Shade" due to release in November 2014. Red Meat was another hardcore band that only released a demo tape, although some tracks surfaced on the "Lung Cookies" compilation LP. Outcry released 1 lp and 1 7"EP, and were influential among the straight edge and skate punk crowds. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Minneapolis hardcore」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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